Improvement in burning hydrocarbon oils



PATENTED Ami, 1865. 1). D. VAN NORMAN,L. 3. BROWN 6; B. R. MORRISON,

BURNING HYDROGARBON OILS.

UNITED STATES PATENT. OFFICE. f

DELEVAN 1). A NORMAN, nscrnn B. BROWN, AND moon in. MORRISON,

on PETROLEUM onNTan, PENNSYLVANIA.

lMPROVEMENT IN BURNING HYDROCARBQN QlLS.

Specification forn-iing part of Letters Patent No. 49,079, dated August l. 1865.

To all whom it may concern: we will describe it in detail, referring to the Be it known that we,DELEVAN D. VAN Noadrawings, and to theletters'of reference marked MAN,'LESTER B. BR WN, and ENOGH R. Monthereon. Y i A msoN, of Petroleum Centre, in the county of The same letters indicate the like parts in all Venango, in the State of, Pennsylvania, have of the several figures. I invented certain new and useful apparatus for In the furnace or fire-boirA A of i any ordithe purpose of burning superheated steam, in .narily-constructed steam boiler is placed arecombination wit-hasmallportionof gas evolved tort, B B, the sides and top of whichmay be from petroleum and other hydrocarbon liquids, made of cast-iron, of any desired dimensions for fuel,the supply of both steam and liquid wandform. .Tlie'bottom of the retort B should being made self adjusting, and the following be madedishing or concave and of copper, theis a full, clear, and exact description of the sidesof the retortbeingsurroundedby asteamsame,reference being had-t0 the accompanying chamber,b b, cast'with it,both being closed by drawings, making a part of this specification, thefcopper bottom B; in which- On the outside of the steam-chamber, and Figure 1 represents a longitudinal section surroundingit, is a sin0ke-flue,0c-. The jacket through a tubular boiler with the superheator covering (1 d is connected at the bottomand f ing steam and gasgeneratin g apparatus cut in supported upon at. based) G3 which formsa pan section,andthe pipes and stop-cocks, with the to receive the residuum drawn fromthe retort, self-acting cut-elf rah-es to regulate thesupand used for the purpose of burning itand a. ply of both the steam and the petroleum or small portion of petroleum orother hydrocarotherhydrocarbon liquids. Fl g. 2 showsafrontbon liquids in starting the fire, in order to gen endviewofa steam-boiler with thefirebox open, crate gas and put the'whole in operation. At and the steam heating, gas geuerating,and or near the top-0f the reto'rtB B are taken out: burning apparatus, with the supply pipes all two or more small pipes, on a, which pass down placed in position for use inthe fire-box of the the smoke-flue c.c,bctween the steam-chamber boiler. Fig. 3 shows the top of the gas genand the outside jacket, for the purpose of con crating retortwith the steam and gas jets. Fig. vcyiug a small portion of the gas underneath] 4 representsa section across the lower end of the, bottom of the retort B to assist the com the retort'with the coil of steam-pipe for 'heatbastion of the ingredients in the pan G and to ingthe liquid to generatethe gas. Fig.5 shows facilitate the making of gas in the retort; a detached view of the coil, which is'placedin- The inside of the retort B B is kept supplied the fire-box for snperheating the steam. Fig. with petroleum or otherhydrocarbon liquid by 6 shows a detached view of a-steam pipe with. means of a pipe, D, 'which' is connected with iets, which may be placed directly under the a tank or reservoir, which maybe placed'inany gasjetsin are retort. desired position for convenience and safety, The object of our discovery and invention is there being a supply-cock antLa check-valve to lessen the bulk and the expense of fuel for in thepipe D, between the retort and the oilgenerating steam in steam-boilers,and to make" tank, to, prevent back-action by the, pressure of use of such substances for fuel as have hereto: the ,gas and the possibility of fire following the fore been regardedas of little or no value: v pipe to the tank. I 1 t Our invention consists in the use of super- In order to regulate with certainty the steady heated steam as producing the most intense and maximum quantity ofoil to be usedin the flame, whenbu'rned in connection with 'c'arburetort, we place a self ac tingfloat, E, on the I reted hydrogen from petroleum or' other hydrotop of which is a cone-valye',e, and seat, which. 1 carbon liquids, by ineansof apparatus in subis fitted so as to shut off the flow. from the .stance as hereinafterdescribed. supply pipe-Dwhen the-float risesto a-given. To enable others skilled in the art of engipoint, thus preventing an undueandwrasteful neeringto fully understand our principle and expenditure ofoil, and-guarding withicer- 1 to make and use our apparatus for burning sutainty against overflow orvchoklngmp-the reg perhea'ted steam with a small portion of gas,- tort, thus making a perfect BBlfgXGfiIGtQI'iOI binedin greater or less quantities. a

the supply of thecrude material for geuerab.

ing the gas.

In the center of the copper bottom of the retort B is. anoutlet or stop-cock], to draw oh the residuum into the pan.0 Q, where itmay be consumed and the retortkept clean and free from any accumulation of extraneouSEmatter. The smoke'caused fromithe burning .petroleum or residuum in the pan- 0 passes up the the 00, which surrounds the rct'ort and steamchamber, where it escapes at the angular openingi iii and comes. in direct contact with'the flame otlthc gas and-,steama'nd is entirely consumed} I The top of theretort B'f' is rinade convex,=- and is sunk Lbelowthe-outlets otthe steamchamber end smokejacket, the'top-rsurface 1 .;bein g perforated, with n -,series ='of jver'y small" outlets, h h h, for the gas' to escape wheregthecombustion takes place, being tcadily'igu ted', byvthe heat and'flame surrounding it as it is the s'moke-flu e. I Thecarbureted hydrogen gas emittedfrom brought in contact by the inclined outlet of,

. "a retort or fjets i'nclosed in the. furnace orfire-.

box ofa "steam-boiler'will not get a's'uflicient' supply-of oxygen to burn with any degree of intensity, and to supplythe deflcieucy' we havediscovered and made available superheated steam, which',=-.in its application enthuse, forms the most important part of ourinventibhs P From the c'upola G, or an-yelevated point of g the steam-boiler, may be inserted-or secured a; pipe, 9, by which a'portiou of'thefsteam is'con-' ducted into the top ofthefurnaceiAtA, whereit. is conveyed through an, extended coil ofriro'n or other suitableflmetallic pipe, I I;-tl1e coil being soplaced ot'erthe retort -B Brtha't-the jets of flame concentrate upon itto su-perheat 'the steam when-it is conducted through the pipe J down to near the bottom of the retort, wherea portion of the superheated steam is admitted to pass through the copper coil K K,

which is submerged in the oil'in the retort to aid in generating the gas. Fro-m thence the pipe L.passes out through the boiler, and may be extended to. convey heat to the,.oil tank 'or reservoir, where it may pass downthrough the oil by means of another coil of pipet erpa it for use by makingitmore, limpid, sol-hat it will flow easily to the retort. .From -ithe ,oila tank the pipe or escape steam may be ad-m ted into the water-tank to warm the water The object of passing. the steam 'thioukhjthe oil-tank is to separate the waterfrom-tlfeoih, which, in itsc'rude state, is always found com with the jets of burning gas from the retort, thus supplying an agent which produces the most intense flame. V t.

If found desirable to weaken or dilute the rich carbureted hydrogen and make it more expansive, a very small portion of steam maybe let into the topof the retort B by the stop cock 0 andbranch pipe p,which connects-with the circular pipe q q, incwhich are a series of very small openings, t t t't, to allonfthe'steam tocom'mingle with the gas as it escapes for combustion.

The quantity, of steam from the boiler to be admitted into the. coil of pipe I I who superheated for the purposes above described is regulated by our improved; self-acting steamfpressuregovernorvalve H,-\vhich may be placedintheinductiompipe 9 between the cupola-G of the boiler'and the coil of pipe I l in the furnace.

The steam-pressure governor-valve H, as seen in-Fig. 1, is constructed by having a sliding piston, S, working .in a vertical cylinder, T, in which the steamis admitted at the top through a throttle-valve or stop-cock,- .R,'i[l the piper leading'to the-cylinder. The induction-pipe v and the eduction-pipeJV are both made so as to be closed by the sliding inverted cup-piston value S, which is connected with a spring-balance, U, "and graduated scale V, so that thenumber of pounds pressure of steam in-thepipeWwhich'leadsto the coil 11 in the furnace may be regulated by the throttle,

gR andaccurately-known, I

Io the induction-pipe gisconnectcd a branch pipe, X,which communicates with the. vertical [cylinder '1 under the cup-piston S, so that when the steam'in the boiler is-ata greater pressure than is required to' balance-theforce on the 'piston-valve S, as indicated by-the -spring balvance'V,'it will-closeup the vane S and shut ofif the steam from the apparatus in the fnrnace, which will immediatelyred-uce'the flame,

and consequently thezsteam'ih the boiler will be diminished until. the spring-balance oper 7 ates to open thevalre S, when-the=flame increases, and thesupjp'ly of steamis kept up for all of'th'e purposes required, thus making the steam its own supplier offuel-asi well as its Own firertender.

Having. thus fully described our invention, V -what we claim asnew,

Letters Patent, isv I ,1; Placing inthe furnace" or fire-box of a and desire tosecure by steam-boiler a retort for generating gas from petroleum or other hydrocarbon liquids, the

retort being surrounded by a steam-chamber from-which.:superheated steamm'ay be used with a-sinall l'2.-'P.lacing acopper or other metal coil of pipeinthe hotto'infof the retort, through which superheatedsteam is admittedtp hasten 11nd evolve the gas froinhydrocarhon liquids 3. One or-imprepipes leading :fromnear the top of the retort"downyunderjthe bottom. of

, portion of carbureted I hydrogen; 'gasforfuel. V

the same for the purpose of intensiiying the" heat in the retort, and thereby dispensing with fire in the pan after the steamin the-boiler is at working pressure.

4. The smokejacket surroundihg the retort and steam-chamber, in combination' with the fire-pan, whereby the smoke'of ,the burning" liquid is brought in contact with gas andsteam and is entirely consu|ned..

5. The float-valve placed in the retort for controlling the supply of petroleum'or other liquids for generatifi g gas ill-tile manuerlierei Let forth.

6: The manner of separating the water from.

the crude oil by passing a, coil of steam-pipe through the tank, as described.-

7. The perforated coil or circular pipe q in the top of the retort, for the puinbs'oflettiug a'smeil portion of steam intothe to'p'of the gas-generating I gas 381i; escapes for igmtion;

with the spring-balonee, as andffor the; pur-z poses setforth; i. p In testimony whereof we have hereunto sub;

scribedour names} DELEYAN DE VAN noel-mm} LE VSTER-B. BROWN.

3 Witnesses: i i I t .W. J. KETOHUM I v J. B. WOQDRIJFL} ENOOH R. OR IS I retort to commingle \righthd r 5 

